Whooping Cough (Pertussis): Why Cases Are Rising in Australia and What You Need to Know
Updated: Aug 11
Whooping cough, also known as pertussis, is making a significant comeback across Australia. Health experts have raised concerns following a sharp increase in cases, particularly affecting children and infants.
Understanding why cases are rising, recognising the symptoms early, and knowing how to protect yourself and your family is more important than ever.
The Rise in Whooping Cough Cases
Australia has recently experienced its highest number of whooping cough cases in over 35 years. In 2024 alone, more than 57,000 cases were reported, with the majority occurring in children under 14 years of age.
Across 2024 and 2025 combined, there were over 82,000 cases, marking the largest surge since national records began.
Queensland has been particularly affected, recording over 15,000 cases in 2024, far higher than previous years.
Why Are Cases Increasing?
Several factors are contributing to this rise:
Lower vaccination rates in some communities
Waning immunity over time (even after vaccination)
Increased circulation of infections following COVID-19 restrictions
Natural 3–4 year outbreak cycles of pertussis
What Is Whooping Cough?
Whooping cough is a highly contagious bacterial infection of the airways caused by Bordetella pertussis.
It spreads through coughing, sneezing, and close contact, and can affect people of all ages. However, it is most dangerous for babies under 6 months, who are at highest risk of serious complications.
First Signs of Whooping Cough
Whooping cough often starts like a common cold, making it easy to miss early.
Early Symptoms
Runny nose
Mild cough
Fever
Fatigue
Later Symptoms
Severe, uncontrollable coughing fits
A “whooping” sound when breathing in
Vomiting after coughing
Difficulty breathing
Exhaustion after coughing episodes
The cough can last for weeks or even months, which is why it’s sometimes called the “100-day cough.”
Who Is Most at Risk?
While anyone can get whooping cough, higher-risk groups include:
Babies under 6 months
Young children
Pregnant women
Older adults
People with weakened immune systems
Infants are especially vulnerable because they are too young to be fully vaccinated.
How Is Whooping Cough Diagnosed?
A GP may diagnose whooping cough by:
Reviewing symptoms and medical history
Listening to the cough pattern
Taking a nasal or throat swab to confirm infection
Early diagnosis is important to reduce spread and begin treatment quickly.
Treatment for Whooping Cough
Medical Treatment
Antibiotics can help reduce how contagious the infection is and may lessen symptoms if started early
At-Home Care
Rest and hydration
Small, frequent meals
Avoiding triggers that worsen coughing
Severe cases—especially in babies—may require hospital care.
Prevention: The Most Important Step
Vaccination
The whooping cough vaccine is the best protection and is part of the National Immunisation Program in Australia.
It is recommended for:
Babies and children (routine schedule)
Pregnant women (to protect newborns)
Adults (boosters every 10 years)
Vaccination during pregnancy is especially important, as it helps protect babies before they can be vaccinated themselves.
What To Do If You Suspect Whooping Cough
Stay home and avoid contact with others
Seek medical advice early
Keep infants away from anyone who is coughing
Follow your GP’s treatment and isolation advice
Debunking Common Myths
Myth: Whooping cough is just a bad cough
Truth: It can be life-threatening, especially in infants.
Myth: Only children get whooping cough
Truth: Adults can get it too and often spread it without realising.
Myth: Vaccination gives lifelong protection
Truth: Immunity fades over time, so booster shots are important.
Myth: Antibiotics cure whooping cough instantly
Truth: They help reduce spread but may not stop the cough immediately.
When to See Your GP
Book an appointment if you or your child has:
A persistent or worsening cough
Coughing fits that cause vomiting
Breathing difficulties
Symptoms lasting longer than a week
Any concerns in babies or young children
Final Thoughts
The recent rise in whooping cough cases across Australia is a reminder that preventable diseases can return if we let our guard down. Staying up to date with vaccinations, recognising early symptoms, and seeking medical care quickly can help protect you and your family.
At Highfield & District Medical Centre, we offer vaccinations, diagnosis, and treatment for whooping cough and other respiratory infections.
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