RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus): What It Is and How to Protect Yourself

Respiratory Syncytial Virus, commonly known as RSV, is a very common virus that affects the airways and lungs. While it often causes mild cold-like symptoms, RSV can become serious—especially in babies, young children, older adults, and people with underlying health conditions.

In Australia, RSV cases tend to increase during the cooler months, similar to flu season. Understanding the symptoms, prevention, and when to seek medical care is key to keeping your family safe.

What Is RSV?

RSV is a highly contagious virus that spreads through:

• Coughing and sneezing

• Close contact (e.g. kissing or holding a child)

• Touching contaminated surfaces (toys, door handles)

Most people will catch RSV at least once in their lifetime, often during childhood.

First Signs of RSV

RSV symptoms usually start like a common cold and may include:

• Runny nose

• Cough

• Fever

• Sneezing

• Reduced appetite

• Wheezing or difficulty breathing

In Babies and Young Children

Symptoms may also include:

• Rapid or laboured breathing

• Flaring of the nostrils

• Poor feeding

• Irritability or lethargy

If breathing becomes difficult, urgent medical attention is required.

Who Is Most at Risk?

While RSV can affect anyone, higher-risk groups include:

• Infants under 12 months

• Premature babies

• Children under 5 years

• Adults over 65

• Pregnant women

• People with chronic lung, heart, or immune conditions

These groups are more likely to develop complications such as bronchiolitis or pneumonia.

How Is RSV Diagnosed?

A GP can often diagnose RSV based on symptoms and examination.

In some cases, testing may include:

• A nasal or throat swab

• Monitoring oxygen levels

• Chest imaging (if complications are suspected)

Early diagnosis helps guide care and prevent worsening symptoms.

Treatment for RSV

There is no specific cure for RSV, as it is caused by a virus. Treatment focuses on relieving symptoms and supporting recovery.

At Home Care

• Ensure plenty of fluids

• Rest

• Use paracetamol for fever (as directed)

• Keep nasal passages clear (especially in babies)

Medical Care

In more severe cases, treatment may include:

• Oxygen therapy

• Hospital care for monitoring breathing

• Fluids via drip if dehydration occurs

Most people recover within 1–2 weeks, but a cough may last longer.

RSV Prevention

Preventing RSV is especially important for vulnerable groups.

Simple Prevention Tips

• Wash hands regularly

• Avoid close contact with sick individuals

• Clean frequently touched surfaces

• Keep sick children home from childcare or school

• Avoid kissing babies on the face during peak season

Vaccination and Protection

Recent advancements mean there are now RSV prevention options available in Australia, including:

• Vaccination during pregnancy to protect newborns

• Preventative treatments for high-risk infants

Speak to your GP about what options are suitable for you or your child.

What To Do If You Suspect RSV

• Monitor symptoms closely

• Keep fluids up

• Watch for signs of breathing difficulty

Seek urgent medical care if:

• Breathing is fast or laboured

• Lips or skin appear bluish

• The person is not feeding or drinking

• There are signs of dehydration

• Symptoms are worsening

Call 000 in an emergency.

Common Myths About RSV

Myth: RSV is just a cold.

Truth: While mild in many cases, RSV can become serious, especially in infants and older adults.

Myth: Only babies get RSV.

Truth: RSV affects all ages, but some groups are at higher risk of complications.

Myth: Antibiotics will treat RSV.

Truth: RSV is a virus, so antibiotics are not effective.

Myth: Once you’ve had RSV, you won’t get it again.

Truth: You can be infected multiple times throughout life.

When to See Your GP

Book an appointment if:

• Symptoms are not improving

• There is ongoing fever

• Breathing changes occur

• A child is not feeding well

• You are in a high-risk group

At Highfield & District Medical Centre, our team can assess symptoms, provide guidance, and support your recovery during RSV season.

Final Thoughts

RSV is common but can be serious for vulnerable individuals. The best approach is early recognition, prevention, and seeking medical advice when needed.

Protect yourself and your family by staying informed, practising good hygiene, and discussing vaccination or prevention options with your GP.

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